Created How-To page for DevTest environment.
Created new page describing how to create a VirtualBox VM for Developers to use to properly re-create the CAcert production and test environments.main
bdmc
3 years ago
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=======================================================
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Build yourself a CAcert Test Machine for Development
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=======================================================
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As developers, at some point we all need a machine, whether for raw development,
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Unit Testing, Integration or System Testing, so that we can be assured that our
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code is ready to submit to the Software Reviewers and Approvers on its way to
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deployment in Production.
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That machine should be structured and configured to be as close a match
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as possible to CAcert's production servers.
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I have written this document and prepared scripts and other tools to help other
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Developers easily create such a machine for their own purposes.
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At present the machine that we are trying to match is a very old Debian machine
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with PHP 5 installed. Since we can no longer install a version of Debian that
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is as old as is running in Production, I found that Debian 8 would still install,
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at least at present, and PHP 5.7 can still be installed on that version of Debian.
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Assumptions and Expectations
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----------------------------
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This document will describe the use of VirtualBox to create a working copy
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of CAcert's Test Server for use in development of bug fixes and other code
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intended for deployment to CAcert's servers.
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It will describe all of the pieces that were used to create a working Debian 8
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system, complete with various helper tools that allow this system to be used in
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a stand-alone manner, effectively air-gapped from the Internet and E-Mail.
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Since the CAcert code makes use of E-Mail for validating users and other
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internal purposes, this code must trap any outgoing e-mail so that it can
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be examined and then returned to the system to fulfil those validation
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purposes.
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For future code development, much of this instruction can be repeated, with
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principally, replacement of the Debian ISO and, therefore, upgrade of the
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database server within.
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Software Development and Code Submission in CAcert
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--------------------------------------------------
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For those who are unfamiliar, there is a good document in the CAcert code tree,
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describing the process of managing the code involved in a CAcert bug fix or feature
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submission. The current version can be found at `Contributing`_. Please note that
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you should only make the minimum code changes necessary
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for each Pull Request ( PR ), to assist
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the people involved in QA and Software Assesment.
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Pre-requisites
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--------------
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* Internet connection
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- Not for testing, but for obtaining the software that we are putting
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into our virtual machine.
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* VirtualBox [#f1]_
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- Remember that the OS of the host system does not have to match the OS of the virtual machine.
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* ISO of Debian 8 or older, if possible. [#f2]_ [#f4]_
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- I was not able to install Debian 7, because of its repository requirement. [#f3]_
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* Membership in the CAcert Development group and Mailing List: cacert-devel@lists.cacert.org.
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* Access to our Bug Tracker `Mantis`_.
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Everything else that I installed, I will provide in the instructions.
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Create a running Debian
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-----------------------
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VirtualBox
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++++++++++
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For those of us familiar with VirtualBox, this is relatively straight-forward.
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I will try to ease the path for the others. If you have any questions, feel free
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to contact me and other CAcert developers on the CAcert Developers mailing list
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cacert-devel@lists.cacert.org.
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VirtualBox can be found as an installable package for most modern systems,
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whether Linux, as I run, MacOS ( OS X ) or Windows, as well as Solaris! [#f1]_
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For our purposes, most modern machines, including laptops, can run VirtualBox
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and our Development VM.
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Debian Versions
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+++++++++++++++
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Since CAcert's current production systems are running on ten-year-old versions of
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Debian, for any bug fixing or enhancements to the current system, we need to try
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and reproduce that environment as much as possible.
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For that reason, I am specifying Debian 8, Jessie, as our standard Development
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Environment, since it is the oldest still supported version of Debian. If absolutely
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necessary, we could experiment by downloading older CD versions of Debian, but for
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now, let us use Jessie.
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Creating our Development and Test Platform
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++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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If you have not yet installed VirtualBox, do so now.
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Then create a new VM, using the default values offered by VirtualBox.
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When asked about memory, allocate at least 1GB, but no more than half
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of the memory installed in the host machine. Disks will normally
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be created as compressed devices, so that you will not use as much as
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you select for the disk size except under exceptional circumstances.
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Mount the Debian ISO, and start the VM.
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First Installation Steps
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++++++++++++++++++++++++
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* Aptitude
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- I prefer the command line version of aptitude to apt-get, so install it on every machine that I build.
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- Once it has been installed, do:
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+ aptitude update
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+ aptitude safe-upgrade
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- And then install the following tools with "aptitude install vim git rsync"
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* Vim
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* Git
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* Rsync
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* Others?
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* Create a working directory
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- mkdir work
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* Create a source directory
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- mkdir cacert
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Installing PHP 5.7
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++++++++++++++++++
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* Add Sources.list file
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- Since PHP 5 is not normally provided by Debian 8, we need to make use of a repository provided by Ondrej Sury.
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He has been creating and supporting various versions of PHP ( and a few other related packages ) for Debian
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and Ubuntu for quite a few years. These currently range from PHP 5.6 through the whole PHP 7.x range.
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- Perform the following steps:
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+ cd work
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+ sudo apt install ca-certificates apt-transport-https
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+ wget -q https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
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+ sudo echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ jessie main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list
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* Installing PHP
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- aptitude update
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- aptitude install php5.6 php5.6-cli php5.6-common php5.6-curl php5.6-mbstring php5.6-mysqlnd php5.6-xml
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Installing Mail and MailHog
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+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
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* Configuring Exim4
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- cd /etc/exim4
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- vim update-exim4.conf.conf
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- find line with *dc_smarthost*
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- insert *localhost::1025* between quotes
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- Save and Exit
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- Restart Exim by *service exim4 restart*
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+ This will compile the configuration file
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* Downloading MailHog and Installing
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* Finishing Configuration
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Apache
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++++++
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* Editing Virtual Host
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Installing Required Environment Variables
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_________________________________________
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* Deciding on values
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* Editing Apache Virtual Host
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Editing PHP.ini
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_______________
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Installing Test Manager
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+++++++++++++++++++++++
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Installing Source Code
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++++++++++++++++++++++
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Any More Steps
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++++++++++++++
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Starting Development
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--------------------
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Starting MailHog
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++++++++++++++++
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Etc
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---
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.. rubric:: Footnotes
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.. [#f1] VirtualBox can be obtained either from a Linux distribution repository
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or directly from `VirtualBox`_.
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.. [#f2] You can download Debian ISOs from `Debian`_, but finding older ones, such
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as the one that we want, can be a bit tricky. I use the `NetInst version`_
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because it is much smaller, and therefore quicker to download, but might be a bit longer to install than a full
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`DVD copy`_. Note that while the NetInst version is
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less than 300 MB, there are three DVD images, totalling about 13 GB! On the other hand, the NetInst version depends on a working
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Debian Mirror, while the CD or DVD images might be able to be installed without that requirement. We might want to experiment.
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.. [#f3] I did try downloading the DVD image for Debian 6, Squeeze, and created a Virtual Box VM using that. It was 4.2 GB, so took a
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while to download. I only downloaded DVD-1, instead of the whole set, and, in fact the DVD named debian-update-6.0.10-amd64-DVD-1.iso.
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Further information about creating the Debian 6.10 VM can be found in `DevTest 6`_.
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.. [#f4] Note that the source for Debian CD and DVD images older that the current version is `Debian Archive`_. The NetInst
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version can be found in the iso-cd directory.
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.. _Mantis: https://bugs.cacert.org
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.. _VirtualBox: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
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.. _Debian: https://debian.org
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.. _NetInst version: https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/archive/8.11.1/amd64/iso-cd/debian-8.11.1-amd64-netinst.iso
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.. _DVD copy: https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/archive/8.11.1/amd64/iso-dvd/
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.. _Contributing: https://github.com/jandd/cacert-devel/blob/contribution-guide/CONTRIBUTING.md
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.. _Debian Archive: http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/archive/
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.. _DevTest 6: other-doc
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